Asthma 2025 GINA + NRC

PediaNotes

Home

External Links Home

Navigation

Topics 1134 Notes

Cardiology 38

Acute Myocarditis
ALCAPA
Antiarrhythmic Therapy
ASD
Cardiac arrhythmias
Cardiac Catheterization
Cardiomyopathies
Congenital Heart Block
Development of Heart
Double Outlet Right Ventricle
Eisenmenger syndrome
Etiology, Pathophysiology and Diagnosis of CCF
Hyperoxia Test
Hypertension in Children
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Infective endocarditis
Innocent vs Organic Murmurs
Long QT syndrome
Management of CCF
Minimally Invasive Management in CHD
Nadas' Criteria for Clinical Diagnosis of Heart Disease
Paroxysmal hypercyanotic Spells
Pericarditis
Pulse Oximetry in the diagnosis of critical congenital cardiac disease
Rheumatic Heart Diseases
S2 in clincial practice
S2 in clinical practice
Sinus Tachycardia vs SVT
Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)
Tetralogy of Fallot
Transposition and malposition of great arteries
Transposition of great arteries
Treatment of ARF and Rheumatic Carditis
Tricuspid Atresia
Vasodilator Therapy in Heart Failure
VSD
Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW)
💗 Cardiology

Development 49

ADHD
Approach to a Child with Failure to Thrive (FTT)
Approach to Short Stature
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Bone Age Assessment
Breath-Holding Spells
Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering)
Childhood Schizophrenia
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Pediatrics
Conduct Disorder in Children
Conversion Reactions (Functional Neurologic Symptom Disorder)
Depressive Disorders in Children and Adolescents
Developmental Surveillance, Screening, and Diagnostic Evaluation
Disruptive Behavioural Disorders in School-Aged Children
Dyslexia (Specific Learning Disability in Reading)
Eating Disorders
Factors Affecting Child Growth and Development
Gesell Developmental Schedule
Global Developmental Delay
Growth charts and Anthropometry
Growth Charts
Juvenile Delinquency
Key Growth Parameters
Lying in Children and Adolescents
Mood Disorders in Adolescence
Nightmares
Nocturnal Enuresis
Non-Organic Failure to Thrive (Psychosocial FTT)
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS)
Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Physical Features Associated with Syndromes of Mental Retardation
Pica
Polysomnography
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Preventable Causes of Mental Retardation (Intellectual Disability)
Principles of Growth and Development
Psychosocial Health Screening (HEADSS) in Adolescents
Referral criteria for growth issues
Referral criteria for growth related issues
Rumination Disorder
Sleep Disorders in Children
Specific Learning Disability (SLD)
Standardized Tools for Language Assessment
Suicide and Self-Harm in Adolescence
Temper Tantrums
Thumb Sucking
Tourette Syndrome
📈 Developmental Pediatrics

Emergencies 57

Approach to a child presenting with anaphylaxis
Approach to a child with cold injury
Approach to a Child with Road Traffic Accident (RTA)
Approach to a Child with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Approach to a child with Unknown Poisoning
Approach to an Unconcious Child
Approach to Child with Respiratory Distress
Approach to Children with Burns
Approach to Near Drowning
APVU Scale
Biomarkers of Sepsis
Brain Death
Capnography
Carbon Monoxide (CO) Poisoning
Cardiogenic Shock
Corrosive Ingestion
Detergent Ingestion
Dog bite
Fluid Refractory Shock 🔥🔥🔥
High Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy
High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation (HFOV)
Hydrocarbon Ingestion
Hypovolemic Shock 🔥🔥🔥
Iron Toxicity
Management of SAM Patient in Shock
Mechanical Ventilation
Non-Invasive Estimation of Gas Exchange
Organophosphorous Poisoning
Oxygenation Index
Pain Management in PICU
Pain Pathway
PALS
Paracetamol Poisoning
PARDS
Pathogenesis of Different Types of Shock 🔥
Pediatric Basic Life Support Algorithm - Single Rescuer
Pediatric Bradycardia with Pulse Algorithm
Pediatric Cardiac Arrest Alogrithm
Pediatric Tachycardia Algorithm
Pediatric Triage 🔥
Penetrating Eye Injury
PRISM Scoring in PICU
Pulmonary Graphics Monitoring
Pulse Oximetry
Rapid Sequence Intubation
Rat Poisoning
Respiratory Failure
Salicylate Poisoning
Scoring Systems in PICU
Scorpion Sting
Sedation in PICU
Septic Shock in Children
Septic Shock
Snake Bite
Ventilation Perfusion Ratio
Ventilator Terminologies
🚑 Emergencies and Critical Care

Endocrinology 57

Acquired Hypothyroidism
Adrenal Crisis
Advances in Insulin Therapy
Approach to DSD in 2 year old
Approach to DSD
Calcium Homeostasis
Caused of Hypocalcemia
Combined Pituitary Hormone Deficiency (CPHD)
Compare and Contrast - Precocious and Delayed puberty
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Congenital Hypothyroidism
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems
Cushing Syndrome
Dawn phenomenon and Somogyi phenomenon
Delayed Puberty in Boys
Delayed Puberty in Girls
Diabetes Insipidus
Diabetes Mellitus Other Than Type 1 and Type 2
Differential Diagnosis of Water and Salt Balance Disorders
Disorders of Sexual Development (DSD)
Dwarfism
Embryology of the Pituitary Gland
Glucocorticoid-Remediable Aldosteronism (GRA)
Growth Hormone - Structure and Mechanism of Action
Growth Hormone Stimulators and Inhibitors
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis
Hormone Synthesis
Hormones of the Pituitary Gland
Hormones Secreted by the Anterior Pituitary Gland
Hyperaldosteronism
Hyperosmolar Non-Ketotic Diabetic Coma
Hyperthyroidism in Children
Indications for Growth Hormones
Insulin Analogues
Kallmann Syndrome
Lab Features - Hypo, Hyper and Pseudohypoparathyroidism
Management of DKA
Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY)
McCune-Albright Syndrome
Metabolic Syndrome
Nelson Syndrome
Neonatal Thyroid Screening
Pendred Syndrome
Pheochromocytoma
Physiology of Puberty
Precocious Puberty in Boys
Precocious Puberty in girls
Puberty Goiter
Septo-optic Dysplasia (de Morsier Syndrome)
SIADH
Steroid Biosynthesis
T1DM in children
T2DM in children
TFT Interpretation
Thyroid Dyshormonogenesis and Dysgenesis
Thyroid Hormone Synthesis
🧪 Endocrinology

Gastrointestinal 58

Acute Diarrhea
Acute Liver Failure
Acute Pancreatitis
Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea
Antisecretory Agents
Approach to a child with Malnutrition
Approach to Child with Ascites
Ascites
Autoimmune hepatitis
Biliary Atresia
Bioartificial Liver And Extracorporeal Liver Assist Devices
Carbohydrate Intolerance
Celiac Crisis
Celiac disease
Cholestatic Jaundice
Chronic Diarrhea
Chronic Liver Disease
Chronic Pancreatitis
Constipation in children
Dysentery
Embryology of Gut
Emergency Room Management of Hematemesis
Encopresis (Fecal Incontinence)
Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency
Extrahepatic Biliary Atresia Vs Idiopathic Neonatal Hepatitis
Functional Abdominal Pain
GERD
Helicobacter Pylori And Abdominal Pain
Hematemesis
Hepatic Encephalopathy
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis D
Hepatitis E
Hepatobiliary Morphogenesis
Hirschsprung disease vs Functional constipation
Hirschsprung disease
Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
Liver Abscess
Liver Function Test
Liver Transplantation
Management of Variceal Bleed
Neonate Hemochromatosis
Neonate with Hematemesis
Non-Responsive And Refractory Celiac Disease
Oral Rehydration Solution
Pancreas - Embryology, Anatomy And Physiology
Pancreatic Function Tests
Peritonitis
Persistent Vomiting in a Child
Portal Hypertension
Radiology in Liver Diseases
Recurrent Abdominal Pain
Rome IV Criteria For Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders
Tracheoesophageal Fistula
Wilson Disease
🍴 Gastroenterology

Genetics 47

Angelman Syndrome and Prader-Willi Syndrome (15q11-13 Imprinting Disorders)
Approach to a dysmorphic child
Chromosomal Microarray
Classification of Birth Defects
Consanguinity and Its Effect on Genetics
CRISPR
Cytogenetic Analysis
DiGeorge Syndrome (22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome)
Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21)
Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18)
Enzyme Replacement Therapy (ERT)
Ethical issues in genetic testing
Flow Cytometry
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH)
Fragile X Syndrome
Gene Therapy in Children
Genetic Counselling in DMD
Genetic Counselling in Down Syndrome
Genetic Testing in Intellectual Disability
Genomic Imprinting
Karyotyping
Klinefelter Syndrome (47,XXY)
Long-Term Follow-up of Down Syndrome
Lyonisation (X-Chromosome Inactivation)
Mendelian Patterns of Genetic Inheritance
Mitochondrial Genes
Mosaicism and Chimerism
Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA)
Mutations and Their Consequences
NAAT
Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS)
Non-Classical Patterns of Inheritance
Patau Syndrome (Trisomy 13)
Pedigree charts
Preimplantation Genetic Testing
Prenatal Diagnosis of Downs Syndrome and other Trisomies
Prevention of Genetic Disorders
Principles of Genetic Counselling
Progeria
Sanger Sequencing
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Array
Somatic and Germline Gene editing
Testing for Single Gene Disorders
Translocations in Genetics and Their Inheritance Patterns
Turner Syndrome
Williams Syndrome
🧬 Genetics

Hematology 82

Acute complications of Sickle Cell Anemia
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Anemia in the 1st Year of Life
Antenatal Diagnosis of Thalassemia
Aplastic Anemia
Approach To A Bleeding Child
Approach to Anemia
Approach to Hemolytic Anemia
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Blood Transfusion
Chronic Complications of Sickle Cell Anemia
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
Classification of Acquired Anemias
Classification Of Histiocytosis
CNS Tumors
Collection And Storage Of Blood Components
Complications of Thalassemia
Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia
Diagnosis of Thalassemias
Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA)
Differentiation Of Bleeding Disorders
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Dyskeratosis congenita (DC)
Erythropoietin
Ewing's Sarcoma
Fanconi Anemia
Fetal Hematopoiesis
Folate Deficiency
Genetic Basis of Thalassemia
Germ Cell Tumors
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency
Hemoglobin Evolution - Embryo to Adult
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis In Children
Hemophilia A
Hemostasis and Coagulation Cascade Pathway
Hepatic Tumors
Hereditary Prothrombotic States
Hereditary Spherocytosis (HS)
Hereditary Spherocytosis
Hodgkin Lymphoma
Immune Neonatal Thrombocytopenia (NAIT)
Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
Immunophenotyping Of Leukemias
Indications for blood component transfusion
Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFS)
IRIDA
Iron-Deficiency Anemia (IDA)
Iron Deficiency Anemia vs Thalassemia Trait
Iron Deficiency Anemia
Iron Metabolism in Humans
Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
Management of Thalassemia
Methemoglobinemia
Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Myeloproliferative Syndromes
Neuroblastoma
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Non-Wilms Renal Tumors
Oncological Emergencies other than TLS
Peripheral Blood Smear in Different Types of Anemia
Physiological anemia of infancy
Posterior Fossa Tumors In Children
Precautions for blood transfusion in hemolytic anemia
Pulmonary Involvement In Pediatric Malignancies
Retinoblastoma
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Role And Function Of Platelets In Hemostasis
Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS)
Sickle Cell Disease
Spleen and Splenectomy
Supratentorial Intracranial Tumors In Children
Thalassemia diagnostic and monitoring modalities
Thrombophilia
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Transfusion Reaction
Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Von Willebrand Disease
Wilms Tumor
🩸 Hematology and Oncology

Infectious Diseases 101

Abdominal TB
Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF)
AFP surveillance
Antibiotic Stewardship in Inpatient and Outpatient Settings in Pediatric Practice
Approach to a Neonate Born to a COVID-19 Positive Mother
Approach to fever without focus in an infant
ART in HIV
Ascariasis
ATT induced Hepatitis
Case Definitions of TB
Cell Mediated Immunity
Cerebral Malaria
Chickenpox in Adolescence
Chédiak-Higashi syndrome
Clinical manifestation of TB
CNS TB
Common Variable Immunodeficiency
Complement Defects
Complicated (Severe) Malaria
Complicated Malaria
Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Congenital Syphilis
Congenital Tuberculosis
COVID-19
Cryptosporidial Diarrhea
CT Findings of Toxoplasmosis and Neurocysticercosis
Dengue
Diagnostic Approach to Fever with Rash
Diphtheria
Disseminated TB
Dried Blood Spot (DBS) PCR in Neonatal HIV Diagnosis
Drug Resistant Malaria
Drug Resistant Salmonella - MDR and NARST
Drug Resistant TB
Drugs used in TB
Enteric Fever
Escherichia coli Diarrhea
H1N1 infection
Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease (HFMD)
Healthcare Associated Infections
HIV and TB Co-infection in Children
HIV Post Exposure Prophylaxis
HIV
HSV Encephalitis
Humoral Immunity
Hydatid Cyst
Hyper IgM Defect
Hypersensitivity Reactions
Algorithmic Approach to a Child with Suspected Immune Dysfunction
Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS)
CBC and ESR in the Evaluation of Suspected Immunodeficiency
Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD)
Clinical Features of PID
Febrile Neutropenia
Functions of Phagocytes
Graft vs Host Disease
Hyper-IgE Syndrome (HIES)
Laboratory Features of PID
Management of PID
Passive Immunity
Prenatal Diagnosis of Immune Diseases
Risks and benefits of bone marrow transplantation in children
Screening for Primary Immunodeficiency
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)
Stem Cell Therapy
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome (WAS)
X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia (XLA)
Interpretation of Widal Test in Immunized Children
Invasive Fungal Diseases
Investigations in TB
Japanese Encephalitis
Kala-azar (Visceral Leishmaniasis)
Kawasaki Vs MIS-C
Leptospirosis
Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency
Malaria
Management of Worm Infestation
Maturation of B and T cells
Meningococcal Infection
Mycoplasma Pneumonia
Mycoplasma
Neurocysticercosis
Nontyphoidal Salmonellosis
Nosocomial infections
Opportunistic Infections in HIV
Passive Immunity
Pediatric HIV
Perinatal HIV
Pertussis (Whooping Cough)
Polio Elimination
Prevention and Early Detection of Tuberculosis
Psychosocial Effects of COVID-19 on Children
Pulse Polio Immunization
Rickettsial Diseases other than Scrub Typus
Roseola infantum
Scrub Typus
Short Course Chemotherapy for Tuberculosis
SSPE
TORCH Infections
Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)
🦠 Infectious Diseases

LMR 1

paper 4

Metabolic Disorders 34

Alkaptonuria
Alkaptouria
Amino Acid Metabolism Defects
Approach to IEM
Biotinidase Deficiency (Late onset Multiple Carboxylase Deficiency)
Fatty Acid Oxidation Defect (FOAD)
Galactosemia
Gaucher's Disease
Glycogen Storage Disorders
Glycolysis associated disorders
Homocystenuria
Homocystinuria
Isovaleric Acidemia
Kerb's Cycle Associated Disorders
Lysosomal Storage Disorders
Maple Syrup Urine Disease
Methylmalonic Acidemia (MMA)
MPS-1 Hurler Disease
MPS-2 Hunter Disease
Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS)
Neonatal Screening for Metabolic Diseases
Niemann Pick Disease
Organic Acidemias
Ornithine Transcarbamylase (OTC) Deficiency
Phenylketonuria
Pompe's Disease
Sphingolipidosis and Mucolipidosis
Tay-Sach's Disease
Tyrosinemia
Urea Cycle Disorders
Von Gierke's Disease
X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD)
Zellweger Syndrome (Cerebro-Hepato-Renal Syndrome)
💡 Metabolic Disorders

Misc 91

ABG
Acne Vulgaris In Adolescence
Acute Otitis Media
Adolescent Vaccine
AEFI Reporting
AEFI
Anti Rabies Vaccine
Approval of Newer Vaccines
Atopic Dermatitis
BCG
Blindness in Children
Bullous Lesions In Children And Newborns
Catchup Vaccination in Unvaccinated Child
Childhood Deafness And Hearing Loss
Childhood vertigo
Cochlear Implant
Cold Chain
Combination Vaccine
Congenital Cataract
Congenital Squint (Infantile Strabismus)
Conjugate Vaccines
Contact Dermatitis
Dengue Vaccine
Diphtheria Toxoid
DPT Vaccine
ECG
Ectodermal Dysplasias
Erythema Multiforme
Erythema Nodosum
Evaluation And Management Of Squint
fIPV
Fungal Skin Infections in children
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B Vaccine
Hair Growth Cycle And Disorders Of Hair In Children
Hearing Assessment In Children
Hep B Vaccine
Hepatitis A Vaccine
Herd Immunity
HIV Vaccine
HPV Vaccine
Hypopigmented lesions in Children
Immunization in Immunocompromised Child
Influenza Vaccine
JE Vaccine
Maculopapular Lesions In Children and Newborns
Malaria Vaccine
Maternal Immunization
Measles Vaccine
MR and MMR Vaccines
Mumps Vaccine
National Immunisation Schedule
Neonatal Hearing Screening In India
Neonatal Vision Assessment In India
Nevus Disorders
Open Vial Policy
Ophthalmia Neonatorum
Ophthalmic Findings In Acute Leukemia
Ophthalmic Findings In Diabetes Mellitus
Ophthalmic Findings In Hypertension
Ophthalmic Findings In Inborn Errors Of Metabolism
Optic Neuritis
OPV vs IPV
Oral Polio Vaccine
Palliative Care
Paracetamol Poisoning
Pediculosis
Pentavalent Vaccine
Pertussis Vaccine
Petechial And Purpuric Rashes In Children And Newborns
Pneumococcal Vaccine
Proptosis
Rota Virus Vaccine
RSV Vaccine
Rubella Vaccine
Scabies
Seborrheic Dermatitis
Stevens Johnson Syndrome
Storage of Vaccines in ILR
Tetanus Toxoid
Typhoid Vaccine
Vaccination after blood products
Vaccination and Splenectomy, Asplenia
Vaccination in Preterm
Vaccine Co-Administration and Interchangeability
Vaccine Effectiveness
Vaccine Failure
Vaccine Hesitancy
Vaccine Vial Monitor
Varicella Vaccine
VDPV and VAPP
⭕ Miscellaneous Topics

Neonatalogy 74

Amniocentesis
Anemia in Newborn
Anemia of Prematurity
Antenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Malformations
Antenatal Diagnosis
Antenatal Steroid Therapy
APGAR Score
Apnea of Prematurity
Approach to a bleeding Neonate
Aspesis in NICU
Assessment of fetal Well-being - Fetal Surveillance
Assessment of Gestational Age (GA) in Newborn
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Care of Cord
Cell Free DNA (cfDNA) Prenatal Screening
Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)
Congenital Diapharmatic Hernia
Congenital Varicella
Cordocentesis
Developmentally Supportive Care
Endocrine Issues at Day 1 of life
Feeding Problems in Neonates
Fetal circulation
Fetal growth restriction
Fetal Surgery
Fetal Therapy
Fluid Therapy in Neonate
Follow up a NICU graduate
Hemorrhagic Disease of Neonate
High Risk Neonate
Hypoxemic Ischemic Encephalopathy
Infants of Diabetic Mother
Intraventricular hemorrhage
IUGR (FGR) and SGA
Kangaroo Mother Care
Kidney Function in Neonates
Levels of Neonatal Care
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome
Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia
Neonatal Hypocalcemia
Neonatal Hypoglycemia
Neonatal Osteomyelitis
Neonatal seizures (NSz)
Neonatal Thrombocytopenia
NRP Algorithm - 9th edition
PDA
Perinatal TB
Persistant Pulmonary Hypertension of Newborn
Placental Dysfunction Syndrome (Postmaturity Syndrome, Dysmaturity)
Placental Dysfunction Syndrome
Polycythemia
Probiotics in Neonates
Respiratory Distress in Newborns
Retinopathy of prematurity
Role of Antenatal Steroids
Scoring to Predict Mortality in Neonatology
Screening for Birth Defect at Delivery Point
Sepsis in newborn
Shock in neonates
Skin Care in Newborns
SNCU
Surfactant Therapy
Surgical Emergencies of Neonates
Tactile intervention in Newborns
Thermal Regulation of Newborn and Hypothermia
Total Paraenteral Nutrition
Transfusion Protocol in Neonates
Transport of Sick Neonate
Triage of Newborn
Triple Screen and Quadruple Screen
USG in Antenatal period
Ventilation stratergy in RDS
👶 Neonatology

Nephrology 35

Acute Kidney Injury
Acute Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis
Alport Syndrome
Approach to hematuria
Approach to proteinuria
Assessment of Renal Function in Children
Bartter syndrome
Chronic Kidney Disease
Comparision of Tubulopathies
Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT)
Cortical Necrosis
Development of Glomerular Filtration
Development of Kidney and Gonads
Distal RTA
Fanconi's Syndrome ⁝ Proximal RTA
Fanconi syndrome
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)
Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP)
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Nephrotic Syndrome
Pathogenesis of Edema in Nephrotic Syndrome
Persistent Asymptomatic Proteinuria
Polycystic Kidney Diseases
Posterior Urethral Valves (PUV)
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
Recurrent Hematuria
Renal Angina Index (RAI)
Renal Artery Stenosis
Renal Osteodystrophy
Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT)
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)
Tubular Resorption in Kidneys
Urinary Tract Infection
Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR)
🫘 Nephrology

Neurology 58

Absence Seizures
Acute Cerebellar Ataxia
ADEM
Arnold-Chiari Malformation
Ataxia in Children
Autoimmune Encephalitis
Autoimmune Enchalopathy
Benign Rolandic Epilepsy
Blood supp
Blood supply of brain
Brain Abscess
Causes of Neuro Regression at 2 years
Cerebral Palsy
Child with Hemiplegia
Classification and Approach to Headaches
Common Movement Disorders in Children
CP angle Tumors
Craniosynostosis
Dandy-Walker Malformation
Development of Nervous System
Epilepsy syndromes with partial seizures
Epileptic Encephopathies
Febrile seizure
Focal seizures
GCS in Infants
Haemophilus influenzae meningitis
Hydrocephalus
Importance of Fundoscopy
Infantile Spasms
Infantile Tremor Syndrome
Internal Capsule - Applied Anatomy
Ketogenic diet in epilepsy
Landau-Kleffner Syndrome
Management of First Episode of Unprovoked Seizure
Meningeal Irritation and Signs
Meningitis
Microcephaly
Migraine
Myoclonic Seizures of Infancy
Neural Tube Defects
Neurocutaneous Syndromes (Phakomatoses)
Neuronal Migration Disorders
Paroxysmal Non-Epileptic Events
Partial Seizures
Pediatric Stroke
Postural Reflexes
Primary Headaches other than migraine
Primitive Reflexes
Pseudotumor Cerebri
Raised ICT
Secondary headaches
Seizures in Infancy and Childhood
Status Epilepticus Management
Tubercular Meningitis
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC)
UMN vs LMN
Viral Encephalitis
🧠 Neurology

Neuromuscular 17

Acute Flaccid Paralysis
Approach to a floppy infant
Autonomic Neuropathies
Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease
Congenital Myopathy
Congential Myopathies
Duchenne and Becker's Muscular dystrophy
Electrophysiological Studies In Pediatric Neurological Disorders
Familial Dysautonomia (Riley-Day syndrome)
Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Myasthenia Gravis
Other Muscular Dystrophies
Paralytic Poliomyelitis
Pseudoparalysis
Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Toxic Neuropathy
💪 Neuromuscular system

Nutrition 63

Acrodermatitis enteropathica
Adequacy of breastfeeding, attachment and Position
Admission and Discharge Criteria in SAM
Age independent anthropometry in SAM
Anti-infective Properties of Human Milk
Assessment of Nutritional Status in a Child with Unknown Age
Bioactive factors of human milk
Biochemical changes in SAM
Breastmilk secretion and Lactation Failure
Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) Deficiency
Community management of SAM
Complementary Feeding
Composition of Human Milk
Copper, Zinc and Magnesium in Health
Cow's Milk protein allergy
Cutaneous manifestation of micronutrient deficiency
Diagnosis of SAM
Double Burden of Malnutrition
Effects of Malnutrition on Mental Health
F75 and F100 diets
Facility based managed of SAM
Feeding problems in the 1st year of life
Fluoride Toxicity
Folate Deficiency
Hidden Hunger
Human Milk banking
Human vs Animal Milk
Hypervitaminosis A
Hypervitaminosis D
Hypervitaminosis in Children
Immunological changes in SAM
Intergenerational Cycle
Iodide Deficiency
IYCF Summary
Long term outcome of Vitamin B12 deficiency
Low dose Vitamin D and Stoss Regimen
Micronutrients in Breastmilk
Nutritional support of a critically ill child
Obesity in adolescence
Obesity in Childhood
Overview of Micronutrients
Parameters to detect overnutrition
Parameters to detect Undernutrition
Pathophysiology of SAM
Pre-ITS and ITS
Preterm vs Term Milk
Problems of Breastfeeding and Management
Productive effects of breastfeeding
RDA
Refeeding Syndrome
ReSoMal
Role of Folate in Human body
Role of MCT
Role of zinc in immunity
Scurvy
Strategy to prevent micronutrient deficiency
Syndrome X
Thiamine Deficiency
Vitamin A
Vitamin D and Rickets
Vitamin E Deficiency
Zinc in Diarrhoea
🍚Nutrition

Recents 81

Advanced Neuroimaging in Perinatal Stroke
AI-assisted Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder
AI in Pediatrics
Antimicrobial Stewardship in Pediatrics
Autoimmune Encephalitis Biomarkers
Biologicals in Severe Pediatric Asthma (Omalizumab, Dupilumab)
Biomarkers of Acute Kidney Injury (NGAL, Cystatin C)
Biomarkers of Neural tube defects
BPaLM Regimen for Drug-Resistant TB
CAR-T Cell Therapy in Pediatric ALL
CFTR Modulators in Cystic Fibrosis (Elexacaftor,Tezacaftor,Ivacaftor)
Chronic Hepatitis B Management Updates
Complement Inhibitors in Atypical HUS
Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) in Type 1 Diabetes
CUSP (Comprehensive Under-5 Screening Program)
Delayed Cord Milking vs Delayed Cord Clamping
Disease-Modifying Therapies in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)
E-cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury (EVALI)
Emerging Zoonoses
Epilepsy Surgery
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)
Family Integrated Care (FICare)
Flow Cytometry in oncological diagnosis
Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) in Asthma Management
Gene Editing (CRISPR Cas9) for Sickle Cell Disease
Gene Therapy in Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)
GINA 2025 Updates
Hexavalent Vaccines in the Universal Immunization Programme
High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation (HFOV) Updates
Home Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV) in Chronic Lung Disease
Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs)
Hybrid Closed-Loop Insulin Systems (Artificial Pancreas)
Impact of Ambient Air Quality (AQI) on Pediatric Respiratory Visits
Impact of Screen Time on Neurodevelopment (2026 Guidelines)
Impulse Oscillometry
iNCOVACC and Nasal Vaccine Platforms
Intrauterine Fetal Therapy
Iron Chelation Therapy Updates (Oral Deferasirox)
Liquid Biopsy for Pediatric Brain Tumors
Management of Status Epilepticus (IAP 2025 Updates)
Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis in ADHD
National Policy for Rare Diseases (NPRD)
Nationwide 9-valent HPV Vaccination Rollout
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) in NICU
Newer Anti-Seizure Medications (Brivaracetam, Cenobamate)
Newer Antibiotics for Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae
Newer drugs in obesity management
Newer Management Protocols for Celiac Disease
Newer TPO Receptor Agonists for Chronic ITP
Nirsevimab for RSV Prophylaxis
Non-invasive Assessment of Liver Fibrosis (FibroScan)
Non Invasive Co2 Monitoring
Non-invasive Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist (NIV-NAVA)
PALICC 2 Updates
PHOENIX sepsis Score
Point-of-Care Molecular Diagnostics (Truenat)
Precision Medicine in Pediatric Oncology
Probiotics in Acute Diarrhea (IAP 2025 Consensus)
Probiotics in NEC
Proton Beam Therapy in Pediatric Solid Tumors
Pulmonary Function Testing in Pre-schoolers
R21 Matrix-M Malaria Vaccine Implementation
Recent Changes in the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act
Role of HLA in transplant
ROSE Concept
Scrub Typhus Management Protocols 2026
Sepsis-3 Definitions Applied to Pediatrics
Short Bowel Syndrome and Teduglutide
Shorter Treatment Regimens for Non-Severe TB
Simulation in Medical Education
Smart Inhalers and Digital Adherence Tools
Stem Cell Therapy for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Surviving Sepsis 2026 Updates
Sustained Low-Efficiency Diafiltration (SLED)
Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography (TnECHO)
Tele-pediatrics and Hybrid Healthcare Models
Tele-rehabilitation in Neurodisability
Universal Screening for Congenital CMV
Updates in Management of Thalassemia Intermedia
Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) in Refractory Epilepsy
🔬Recent Advances and advances in applied pediatrics

Respiratory 44

Acute Bronchiolitis
Acute Epiglottitis
Acute Pharyngitis
Acute Sinusitis
Acute Tonsillopharyngitis
Adenoiditis
Adventitious Respiratory Sounds
Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA)
Allergic Rhinitis
Alveolar-Arterial Oxygen Gradient (A-a Gradient)
Antibiotics in URI
Approach to stridor
Aspiration Pneumonia
Asthma 2025 GINA + NRC
Asthma
Atypical Pneumonia
Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL)
Bronchogenic Cysts
Causes and Treatment of Epistaxis
Child Interstitial Lung Disease (chILD)
Chronic Lung Disease
Community Acquired Pneumonia
Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome (CCHS)
Congenital Thoracic malformations
Cystic Fibrosis
Development of Trachea, Esophagus and Diaphragm
Elastic Volume-Pressure Relationship of Lung and Chest Wall in Children
Emphysema of Lung
Empyema Thoracis
Epistaxis In Children
Foreign Body in Tracheobronchial tree
Morphogenesis, Malformations, and Natural Course of CCAM
Nasal Polyps
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Persistant and Recurrent Pneumonia
PFT
Pneumothorax
Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
Recurrent Pneumonia
Stridor
Tonsillitis and Adenoiditis
Tropical Eosinophilia
Viral Croup
🫁 Respiratory system

Rheumatology 26

ANCA Associated Vasculitides
Approach To A Child With Joint Pain
Atypical Kawasaki Disease
Biologicals In JIA
Childhood Polyarteritis Nodosa (cPAN)
Enthesitis-Related Arthritis (ERA)
Henoch-Schonlein Purpura
ILAR Criteria for JIA
JIA - Classification, patterns and Features
JIA - Differential Diagnosis And Management
Juvenile Dermatomyositis
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Juvenile Systemic Sclerosis
Kawasaki - AHA Statment Summary
Kawasaki Disease Shock Syndrome
Kawasaki Disease
Lupus Nephritis
Macrophage Activation Syndrome
Partial Kawasaki Disease
Pathophysiology Of Kawasaki Disease
Pediatric SLE
Reactive Arthropathies
Sjögren Syndrome
Systemic JIA
Takayasu Arteritis
🦴 Rheumatology

Social Pediatics 65

Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) Surveillance
Anemia Mukt Bharat (AMB)
Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM)
Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI)
Beti Bachao Beti Padho (BBBP)
Biomedical Waste Management (BMW)
CARA Guidelines for Adoption
Child Abuse
Child Labour – Issues and Pediatrician’s Role
Child Rights and UNCRC
District Early Intervention Centre (DEIC)
Facility Based Newborn Care (FBNC)
First Referral Unit (FRU)
Home-Based Care For Young Child (HBYC)
Home-Based Newborn Care (HBNC)
ICDS and Poshan Abhiyan 2.0
Impact Of Climate Change And Air Pollution On Child Health
India Newborn Action Plan (INAP) 2030
Infant And Young Child Feeding (IYCF) Strategy
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) and Causes of Infant Mortality
Integrated Management Of Neonatal And Childhood Illness (IMNCI)
Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK)
Janani Suraksha Yojna
Juvenile Justice Act
LAQSHYA Program
Malaria Surveillance
Measles-Rubella (MR) Vaccination Campaign
Measles Surveillance
Media And Its Effects On Children
Mid-Day Meal Scheme And PM POSHAN
Mission Indradhanush (MI)
Mission NEEV (Neonatal Early Evaluation Vision)
Mother and Child Protection (MCP) Card
Mothers' Absolute Affection (MAA) Programme
MusQan Initiative
National Deworming Day (NDD)
National Health Mission And RMNCH+A
National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme (NIDDCP)
National Policy For Children
National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP)
National Vitamin A Supplementation Programme (NVASP)
Navjaat Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (NSSK)
Nutritional Rehabilitation Centre (NRC)
Orphaned Child - Social, Clinical, And Legal Perspectives
Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan
Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (PCPNDT) Act
Prevention of Childhood Blindness and Disability
Properties Of Robust Quality Measures
Pulse Polio Immunization Program
Quality Improvement Initiatives In Healthcare
Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK)
Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram (RKSK)
Role Of ASHA Worker In Neonatal And Child Health
SAANS Campaign
Safe Injection Practices
School Health Services In India
Sexual abuse of Children and POCSO
Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) and Three Delays Model
Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan (SUMAN) Program
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) And Child Health
Swachh Bharat Abhiyan and WASH Interventions
Telemedicine In Pediatrics
U-WIN Portal
Under-5 Mortality Rate (U5MR) and Causes
🚸 Social Pediatrics

Statistics 55

Accuracy and Precision
Allocation Concealment
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
Assent for a study involving children
Bias in Statistics
Blinding in Medical Statistics
Case Control Study
Characteristics of a Good Research Question
Chi-Square Test
Cluster Randomized Trials
Cochrane Reviews
Cohort Study
Confidence Interval
Conflict of Interest Disclosure
Cross-Sectional Studies
Ethics in Medical Research
Evidence Based Medicine (EBM)
Forest Plot
Funnel Plot
GRADE approach for level of evidence
Hypothesis Testing
ICMJE Criteria for Authorship
Intention-to-Treat and Per-Protocol Analysis
Kaplan-Meier Survival Analysis and Plot
Lead Time and Lead Time Bias
Linear Correlation Coefficient
Mean, Median and Mode
Meta Analysis
Network Meta-Analysis
Number Needed to Treat (NNT) and Number Needed to Harm (NNH)
Odds Ratio (OR)
Open Access Journals - Advantages and Disadvantages
P-Value in Statistical Hypothesis Testing
Percentiles and Z-scores
Phases of Clinical Trials
PICO Framework
Randomization Techniques
Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT)
Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve and Area Under the Curve (AUC)
Regression Analysis
Relative Risk (RR)
Research Misconduct - FFP (Falsification, Fabrication and Plagiarism)
Role of Institutional Ethics Committees in Research
Sample Size Calculation
Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV and NPV
Standard Deviation and Standard Error
Standards of Authorship, Gift and Ghost Authorship
Statistical Errors
Strength and Quality of Evidence
Study Designs in Medical Research
T Tests
Tests of Statistical Significance
Types of Data
Wilson and Jungner Criteria for Screening
🔢 Statistics

Home / 🫁 Respiratory system / Asthma 2025 GINA + NRC

These clinical notes are intended for educational and exam preparation purposes only (DNB Pediatrics & MRCPCH). Cross-reference with standard pediatric textbooks and current hospital guidelines.

ESC

Select a note to preview